Form 4835 is used to report farm rental income and expenses when a landowner (or sub-lessee) receives crop or livestock shares from a tenant farmer, and the activity is treated as a rental for tax purposes. This form is specifically designed for reporting income based on production (such as livestock, produce, grains, and other crops) rather than cash rent. It is attached to Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR and is not subject to self-employment tax.
Part I: Gross Farm Rental Income — Based on Production
- Line 1: Report income received from livestock, produce, grains, and other crops based on production. This includes amounts converted to cash or its equivalent.
- Line 2a: Enter total distributions from cooperatives as shown on Form 1099-PATR. Report the taxable amount on Line 2b.
- Line 3a: Enter total agricultural program payments received. Report the taxable amount on Line 3b.
- Line 5: Report crop insurance proceeds and federal crop disaster payments. Include amounts received in 2025 (Line 5a), and if applicable, amounts deferred from 2024 (Line 5d). An election to defer to 2026 may be indicated on Line 5c.
- Line 6: Report any income not shown on Lines 1 through 5d. Refer to Schedule F (Form 1040), Line 8 instructions for guidance.
Part II: Expenses — Farm Rental Property
- Report all expenses directly related to the farm rental property. Do not include personal or living expenses.
- Line 16: Freight and trucking costs.
- Line 19b: Other expenses (e.g., land, animals, etc.).
- Line 22b: Other expenses (land, animals, etc.).
- Line 30g: If certain costs must be capitalized (e.g., direct costs of producing property or acquiring property for resale), enter the total capitalized amount in parentheses. Label this entry with “263A” to the left of the line. These capitalized costs are not deducted on Lines 8 through 30f.
Special Rules and Considerations
- Reporting Method: Under both cash and accrual methods, livestock or crop share rentals must be reported in the year they are converted to cash or its equivalent.
- Material Participation: If you or your spouse materially participated in the farm’s operation, you must file Schedule F (Form 1040) instead of Form 4835. If you did not materially participate, Form 4835 is appropriate.
- Passive Activity Losses: Use Form 8582 to determine deductible losses if applicable. See Instructions for Form 8582 for details.
Source:
Form 4835 (2025) - Farm Rental Income and Expenses
Disclaimer: Always verify details with the current year’s Federal or State Department of Revenue Forms and Instructions. For complex situations, consult a CPA or tax attorney.